The Basics Of Addison's Disease

Named after Thomas Addison, a graduate of the University of Edinburgh Medical School, who first discovered and described the illness in 1855, Addison’s disease is a rare illness that affects one out of every 100,000 individuals. The disease can affect both men and women of any age, but it is predominantly diagnosed in middle-aged women, and former president John F. Kennedy was known to suffer from the condition as well. Learn more now about this autoimmune condition, its causes, signs and symptoms, and treatment options available for patients afflicted by it.

What Is Addison’s Disease?

Addison’s disease, alternatively known as primary adrenal insufficiency and hypercortisolism, is a rare, long-term endocrine disorder that is the result of the adrenal glands not producing enough steroid hormones, specifically cortisol and aldosterone, throughout the body. The adrenal gland is located above each of the kidneys, and these glands produce essential hormones for a healthy life, and Addison’s disease develops when these glands do not produce enough of these hormones. Specifically, cortisol, the hormone essential for helping the body cope with stress and regulates the body’s use of protein, carbohydrates, fat, maintains blood pressure and cardiovascular function, as well as controls inflammation. The hormone aldosterone also helps the kidneys to regulate the vast amount of salt and water within the body, as well as regulate blood volume and blood pressure. When aldosterone levels suddenly decrease, the kidneys cannot keep the body’s salt and water content balanced, resulting in a sharp drop in blood pressure.

Want to learn more about this rare disorder? Continue reading to discover what specifically causes Addison’s disease.