Guide To The Causes, Risk Factors, And Complications Of Thyroid Nodules

Thyroid Tissue Overgrowth

The cause of thyroid nodules can be due to thyroid tissue overgrowth or adenomatous hyperplasia. Nodules in the thyroid gland often contain fluids because of a process called cystic degeneration. The overgrowth of thyroid cells can produce bleeding from the fragile blood vessels that congregate in the thyroid tumors. Sometimes the overgrowth of the thyroid tissues can lead to an overproduction of thyroid hormone because the autonomous or hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules inappropriately produce hormones. This inappropriate production of thyroid hormone produces symptoms of hyperthyroidism, including muscle weakness, intolerance of heat, irritability, high heart rate, anxiety, and weight loss. Another mechanism where thyroid tissue overgrowth can cause the development of thyroid nodules is when increased levels of TSH in the blood cause the thyroid gland to produce more healthy thyroid tissue to help collect iodine. The increased amount of tissue produced by this process is considered to be an overgrowth of thyroid tissue resulting from a compensatory mechanism of the thyroid gland.

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