What Conditions Can Trachyonychia Indicate?

Lichen Planus

Some individuals affected by lichen planus often also have trachyonychia. Lichen planus is a condition of autoimmune nature that causes irritation and swelling in a patient's mucous membranes, hair, skin, and nails. Bumps appear on the skin of affected individuals, and they are typically purple and flat. These lesions often cause itchiness and may develop into blisters that burst and form crusts. This characteristic skin rash is not infectious, but it can be caused by predisposing genetic factors. Changes in the nails in general that include trachyonychia are seen in around ten percent of lichen planus patients. Nail problems in such individuals are the result of permanent damage or destruction to the nail matrix. This mechanism, along with non-specific nail matrix inflammation causes a disruption in the proper amalgamation of the nails. Between four and 18.5 percent of all individuals affected by trachyonychia are also affected by this inflammatory autoimmune skin disorder.

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