Guide To The Causes And Risk Factors Of Bullous Pemphigoid

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is another autoimmune condition that can trigger bullous pemphigoid. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis typically experience swelling and pain in the joints, and the small joints in the fingers and toes are often affected first. Stiffness may be present in the joints, and this is usually worse in the morning. Some patients may notice a loss of appetite, and the condition can also cause fevers and fatigue. To diagnose this form of arthritis, doctors carry out a physical examination to check the joints for swelling, warmth, and pain. The patient may also have their reflexes and muscle strength assessed. Blood tests to check for elevated levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein are commonly performed, and physicians may request further tests to detect rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies. MRI scans, ultrasounds, and x-rays can be helpful in evaluating the severity and progression of this condition. Treatment typically consists of corticosteroids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, or biologics. Abatacept and tofacitinib are some of the newest biologic medicines available to treat this form of arthritis, and they are often more effective when taken with methotrexate.

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