Warning Signs Of A Tooth Abscess

Swollen Gums

The swelling that occurs in an affected individual's gums occurs when bacteria enter the pocket between the root of their tooth and a part of the gums that have become detached or receded. The bacteria in the gums induce an inflammatory response in the area mediated by the immune system. The immune system releases various substances and sends several different types of immune cells to the site to intervene. A surge of the hormones histamine and bradykinin are rushed to the site where the pathogen is damaging tissue. This surge of hormones works to expand the diameter of the tiny blood vessels responsible for carrying blood to the gum tissues. The increase in blood flow through these small vessels is meant to help the immune cells or mediators reach the site of the problem quickly. Increased blood flow in the gums causes them to become swollen and red.